Gratitude for the Gift of Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Gratitude for the Gift of Life - Essay Example A unique aspect of the kingdom Animalia is that we cannot produce our own food and we all must eat other organisms in order to survive. Animals have an instinctive knowing about this phenomenon. We share an intimate relationship with each other as the eaters and the eaten. Animals are intelligent creatures. They are aware of their particular part in the human food chain. Animals make the ultimate gift of their flesh to us, just as all creatures must eventually give away their earthly vessel to someone else. Even humans must succumb to death and give their flesh to the earth itself to nourish the soil and feed the plants. Humans feed the parasites and micro-organisms which consume them posthumously. We must change our perspective on animals. They are not dumb and they are certainly not helpless victims. Animals and humans have engaged in a symbiotic relationship for eons. That relationship is not for anyone to judge, though it is worth investigating. About 80 years ago, a dentist by the name of Weston Price visited pre-westernized indigenous cultures around the globe to study their diets. Wherever he visited, he found that people were eating animals as food in the same manner as their ancestors before them had done for many generations. Together the humans and animals formed a sustainable chain of life. Dr. Price found that there was a direct correlation between meat eating and physical health. The more meat that was eaten by any particular society the healthier the population. One group in particular, the Masai warriors of the Kalahari Desert in Africa live on a diet consisting almost exclusively of fresh cow's blood, milk, and beef. A symbiotic relationship exists between the cows and the Masai, otherwise known as the "lion people". Cows are treated as if they were part of the family. Masai warriors constantly protect the herd of cows from all predators, 24 hours per day and 365 days per year. In return the cows provide food f or the Masai people. Both species have lived peacefully together for countless generations. Cows are an esteemed part of Masai society. The generous Masai gifted the United States with several head of cattle after they found out about the World Trade Center disaster. It is interesting to note that there is a neighboring tribe to the Masai who practice something close to vegetarianism. These nearby villagers eat a diet high in plant protein. The Masai warriors have dominated these people for a very long time since they cannot match the physical prowess of the meat-eaters. Closer to home, the American Indians possessed a deep spiritual relationship with the buffalo. The "White Buffalo Calf Woman" is a special being from the buffalo nation who is the recipient of much thanks and honor in Native American society. She has granted many gifts to the human species besides physical nourishment. Yet that should not diminish the flesh offering from this species. Only by hunting and eating buffalo were the Indians able to survive during the pre-industrial age in North America. The buffalo benefitted from this as well. Human involvement kept the buffalo from over-population which would have thrown the entire ecosystem out of balance. The land has a carrying capacity for any particular species and too many buffalo would cause stress on the environment. The ecosystem is like a finely tuned homeostatic

Skills required by a project manager Essay Example for Free

Skills required by a project manager Essay The project manager is normally given the authority and the sole responsibility of ensuring that the direction with which a specific project is followed. He works absolutely under the guideline and the goal of the designated project or the whole organization. One of the major responsibilities is to ensure that the end items of the project are met i.e. when, by whom, what, costs, resources, discipline etc within the firm. (Cable and Adams, 1989) Although the project manager usually reports to the general manager of the company, he or she has the authority of defining the organizational structure and ensures that there is effective management of all the sectors in the production units. Since the project manager controls the effectiveness of the tasks being undertaken, in most cases, he or she is able to assign and monitor the budgets within their jurisdiction. The project manager also communicates all matters concerning the company to the general manager or the president for clarification on any matter that is pending. The project manager also communicates with the customers directly especially when dealing with formal projects. In order to therefore perform the above tasks, a project manager should be able to possess excellent skills and qualifications. One of the skills that is necessary is the ability to communicate effectively both with the management and the customers thus requiring good communication skills. The project manager should also be able to organize issues and monitor their implementation especially by junior officers. (Adams, 1990) In cases when the project manager is required to appoint an assistant project manager, the project manager must be able to be fair and treat other people equally regardless of their age, gender, race or disability. Since project manager is able to plan and execute a project successfully, he or she must be able to possess a wide combination of skills both gained in an academic standpoint and in an experimental view point. The character of the person should also be absolutely dynamic in that the project manager must be able to have problem solving abilities. The factor of being hardworking, honest and dedicated cannot also be overlooked. With such qualities, the project manager will therefore be able to ask penetrating questions, resolve interpersonal conflicts and identify unspecified assumptions. A project manager is expected to have high degree of interdependence geared towards accomplishment of tasks available. He or she is expected to stand apart from the junior employees by virtue of position held and help those under them in elucidation of matters relating to the jobs and also advocating for employees’ rights where there is prejudice. (Adams, 1990) The overall responsibilities for the project manager would be; risk analysis, time estimating, quality control, benefit realization, resource planning, and customer liaison. Managing risks and issues, planning and defining scope of the project, documentation, activity sequencing, team leadership, budget development, developing schedules, tactical influencing and creating charts and schedules (Cable and Adams, 1989) High level posting Since the company needs to have a project manager from the production department, the following are the requirements for this position. The person should have at least ten years experience in the position of project management in a busy manufacturing company. He or she must be a great team player who is ready to work with other people in the company. The person should also have a proven track record of hard work especially with the support of relevant academic background. Reference Adams, J. (1990):   Roles and Responsibilities of the Project Manager, Project Management Institute Cable, D., and Adams, J. (1989): Organizing for Project Management, Upper Darby, PA: Project Management Institute, Dinsmore Paul C., (1990):   Human Factors in Project Management.   New York: AMACOM,

The Last Of The Mohicans :: essays research papers

The Last of the Mohicans The story The Last Of The Mohicans takes place in eastern Canada and in the area of modern New York State. This area is also called the St.Lawernce Low Lands. The book takes place in the year 1757 during the third year of the colonial wars between England and France. The books main character is about a man named Hawkeye who is a white man but his parents were killed and he was raised by a mohican man named Chingachgook. In the book Hawkeye helps a English soldier named Duncan who is escorting the two daughters of a English General Named Munro to Fort William Henry. Hawkeye Takes them to the Fort will it is under attack. Then the fort is captured by the French and everyone in the fort must leave. While they are leaving they are attacked by a band of Indians led by A Indian chief named Magua. During the battle Hawkeye escapees With Cora and Alice. The Cora and Alice are captured by Magua. Then Hawkeye and Uncas go after them and Cora and Uncas are killed. Chingachgook and Uncas are the only Mohicans left and when Uncas dies Chingachgook is the last one giving the book its title. The main character of the book is Hawkeye. Hawkeye is described as having a big head and narrow shoulders. His arms are long and skinny and he has small hands. He also has thin legs which are very long. Hawkeye is much like a Metis Because he is white and educated but raised an Indian. Hawkeye at first does not want to get involved in the war he only wants to go and trap and make some money. He only wants to take them to the fort but then he falls in love and he stays. In the book Hawkeye faces a big challenge. Munro's daughters are taken hostage by a ruthless Indian chief named Magua. Hawkeye tries saving them but Cora is killed. During the battle his adopted brother Uncas is killed. Then Chingachgook says the Mohican seed is will not be carried on to another generation but Hawkeye tells him that it will because he is Mohican at heart. The most interesting part of the book was the last battle on the rocks. The battles are the easiest to understand. They are also the most exciting they also make Hawkeye a hero type figure because he is a good fighter. Love is a major theme in the book. Hawkeye and Uncas fight for their loves. In this fight Uncas and Cora die. The Last Of The Mohicans :: essays research papers The Last of the Mohicans The story The Last Of The Mohicans takes place in eastern Canada and in the area of modern New York State. This area is also called the St.Lawernce Low Lands. The book takes place in the year 1757 during the third year of the colonial wars between England and France. The books main character is about a man named Hawkeye who is a white man but his parents were killed and he was raised by a mohican man named Chingachgook. In the book Hawkeye helps a English soldier named Duncan who is escorting the two daughters of a English General Named Munro to Fort William Henry. Hawkeye Takes them to the Fort will it is under attack. Then the fort is captured by the French and everyone in the fort must leave. While they are leaving they are attacked by a band of Indians led by A Indian chief named Magua. During the battle Hawkeye escapees With Cora and Alice. The Cora and Alice are captured by Magua. Then Hawkeye and Uncas go after them and Cora and Uncas are killed. Chingachgook and Uncas are the only Mohicans left and when Uncas dies Chingachgook is the last one giving the book its title. The main character of the book is Hawkeye. Hawkeye is described as having a big head and narrow shoulders. His arms are long and skinny and he has small hands. He also has thin legs which are very long. Hawkeye is much like a Metis Because he is white and educated but raised an Indian. Hawkeye at first does not want to get involved in the war he only wants to go and trap and make some money. He only wants to take them to the fort but then he falls in love and he stays. In the book Hawkeye faces a big challenge. Munro's daughters are taken hostage by a ruthless Indian chief named Magua. Hawkeye tries saving them but Cora is killed. During the battle his adopted brother Uncas is killed. Then Chingachgook says the Mohican seed is will not be carried on to another generation but Hawkeye tells him that it will because he is Mohican at heart. The most interesting part of the book was the last battle on the rocks. The battles are the easiest to understand. They are also the most exciting they also make Hawkeye a hero type figure because he is a good fighter. Love is a major theme in the book. Hawkeye and Uncas fight for their loves. In this fight Uncas and Cora die.

Focus on the Learner Essay

1.Group Profile It’s a mixed group with a very mixed cultural background as only three students are actually from Germany. Four of the students were born in another country e.g. Lithuania, Turkey, France and Romania. They all moved to Germany as adults and all share German as a common language. The group is heterogeneous concerning the age they started learning English. Two students started learning as adults while the others started learning at school. Most of the students have learnt another language as an adult and therefore have previous language learning experience. The motivation for doing the course is quite high and the group can be divided into two groups – students who need English for their job/university and students who want to learn for their own enjoyment. They are all at upper intermediate level. Except for one student (who could be classed as a converger), the overall group could be classed as concrete learners. They enjoy the social aspects of learning and like to learn from direct experience. They are interested in the language and they enjoy games and group-work in class. The entire group could also be classed as communicative learners because they show a degree of confidence and a willingness to take risks. They are much more interested in social interaction with other speakers of the language than they are with analysis of how the language works. (Learning styles based on Keith Willing [1987]). 2.Strengths and weaknesses Grammar The students are weak when forming the present simple (especially 3rd person singular) (e.g. â€Å"I must to take the train†, â€Å"She like climbing†, â€Å"Stephen come from Australia†) very often confusing it with the present continuous. (â€Å"Sometimes I’m reading Turkish books†). Most students also have problems when using the simple past (â€Å"we seed it’s ill†, I gone to school with her†, â€Å"We can found this in a school†, â€Å"Where are you born?†, â€Å"She were †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Some students also have problems with verb-noun collocations (e.g. â€Å"She make all the housework†) Vocabulary The students have a good basic knowledge of vocabulary. They can talk about themselves, where they come from, their profession, their families, experiences they have had in the past and things they like to spend more money on. (Example of good language: â€Å"My picture is a technical object but I really don’t know what it is used for†, â€Å"Because you met the Pope, you changed your mind† â€Å"You said dug – so it is dig, dug, dug† = verb orientation). Many of the students try to translate directly from German into English (â€Å"The cat was by us†) and sometimes use a German word in a sentence, using it questioningly enabling other students to help out with the correct English word. The students respond very well, offering suggestions until correct answer is found. Most of the students focus on finding the exact translation of the unknown word rather than trying to paraphrase their idea. Pronunciation All the students have a strong L1 interference and speak with an accent. The group responds well to drilling the right pronunciation and where to put stress on the words. They are keen to sound natural and like repeating after  the teacher. Some students pronounce the endings of words that aren’t necessary e.g. â€Å"clothes†, â€Å"See† instead of sea, â€Å"Lus their jobs† Words: 208 3.Strengths and weaknesses skills Reading The students are able to read a text fairly quickly in order to understand the overall meaning. After enquiring about a few words of vocabulary (sometimes looking this up themselves in a dictionary) they are able to answer all the questions quickly and correctly. Listening The students are able to listen to texts read to them and in most cases understand the general meaning already after the first time. After hearing the text for the second time, they are able to answer questions, in most cases correctly. The students react well to instructions and during conversation they wait patiently until their dialogue partner has finished. One student is a panicky listener, the others all seem to be relaxed listeners. Writing The students have a wide range of vocabulary appropriate for the given tasks. Their sentences are well-structured and they make few mistakes. Speaking The students try to use structured sentences. If they are confident with the vocabulary hesitation is less frequent, with new vocabulary or grammar most students hesitate frequently. The students are motivated to improve their speaking ability and they make a great effort to only speak English. Some of them use gestures when they do not know a word, others switch between German and English, using the German word to fill in the gaps in the sentence (â€Å"I go with the Straßenbahn†, â€Å"I make Teig with Zimt and †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). 4.Recommendations Language development 1.Total English Workbook (Pre-intermediate) Antonia Clare/JJ Wilson – Longman Publishers Page 8, Section 1.3Grammar : Present Simple vs Present Continuous Justification:All 3 exercises on this page help the students to distinguish between the present simple and the present continuous. It also concerns activities they can associate with 2.New Cutting Edge (Pre-intermediate Student’s Book) Sarah Cunningham/Peter Moor – Pearson/Longman Publishers Module 4, page 34Language Focus 1 Present continuous and present simple Justification:At the top left of the page there is a grammar exercise section where the students have to underline and give an example of the present simple/present continuous. Exercises 1 and 2 help to practice the use of them. 3.Language to go Student’s Book (Pre-intermediate) Gillie Cunningham/Sue Mohamed – Longman Publishers Lesson 3, page 9 – The Present (Grammar focus) Justification:Exercises for the students to practice distinguishing between Present simple and Present continuous. First of all filling in the gaps, then writing their own email and finally using the language by talking in pairs 4.Total English Student’s Book (Pre-intermediate) Richard Acklam/Araminta Crace –Pearson/Longman Publishers Chapter 1, page 14 – Review and practice Justification:Exercises for practicing both present simple and present continuous (including question-forming) 5.Clockwise Pre-intermediate Class Book Bruce McGowen & Vic Richardson – Oxford University Press Chapter 25, page 65 – Present simple and continuous Justification:Students can fill in the tables with the verb and then complete the rules for using Present simple and continuous themselves in exercise 1 6.New Edition Basis for Business David Christie – Cornelsen & Oxford Unit 2, pages 24 and 25 – Further study (Simple present and present continuous) Justification:On page 24 there is an explanation of when to use simple present and present continuous and on page 25 there are exercises to practice 7.New Edition Basis for Business David Christie – Cornelsen & Oxford Unit 3, pages 37 and 38 – Further study (Simple past and past continuous) Justification:On page 37 there is an explanation of when to use simple past and past continuous and on page 38 there are exercises to practice 8.Powerbase Pre-intermediate David Evans – Longman Publishers Unit 4, pages 30 to 33 – Going places Justification:The article on page 31 is quite interesting for the students. On page 30 they can fill-in the verbs in the past and present form and on page 32 the past simple can be practiced in exercises. 9.Business opportunities Vicki Hollett – Cornelsen & Oxford Unit 5, Growth and development, pages 50 and 51 – Past experiences Justification:The article on page 31 is quite interesting for the students. On page 50 they can fill-in a time line. On page 51 there is an explanation on when to use the simple past, questions for the students to answer and discussion exercise. Skills development 10.Business opportunities Vicki Hollett – Cornelsen & Oxford Unit 2, Telephoning to make arrangements, pages 23, 150 and 151 Justification: Students usually enjoy doing role play. In these exercises they work with a partner and discuss a) a conference programme and b) arranging a meeting. 11.Business opportunities Vicki Hollett – Cornelsen & Oxford Unit 7, Telephoning to exchange information, page 73 Justification: Students will probably find the stories on this page quite amusing. They will then discuss any car accidents or funny incidents that they have experienced themselves. References: 1.Total English Workbook (Pre-intermediate) Antonia Clare/JJ Wilson – Longman Publishers 2.New Cutting Edge (Pre-intermediate Student’s Book) Sarah Cunningham/Peter Moor – Pearson/Longman Publishers 3.Language to go Student’s Book (Pre-intermediate) Gillie Cunningham/Sue Mohamed – Longman Publishers 4.Total English Student’s Book (Pre-intermediate) Richard Acklam/Araminta Crace –Pearson/Longman Publishers 5.Clockwise Pre-intermediate Class Book Bruce McGowen & Vic Richardson – Oxford University Press 6.New Edition Basis for Business David Christie – Cornelsen & Oxford 7.Powerbase Pre-intermediate David Evans – Longman Publishers 8.Business opportunities Vicki Hollett – Cornelsen & Oxford

Case for Repositioning a Bank Essay

ANZ bank is over 170 years old providing a range of banking and financial products and services to more than 5.7 million retail customers on a global scale (case). . Offering 817 branches and 2600 automated teller machines (ATMs) all over Australia, ANZ is ranked in the top 4 banks in Australia along with Commonwealth Bank of Australia, National Australia Bank Ltd (NAB) and Westpac Banking Corporation. This report will identify the current position of ANZ, and how they are attempting to reposition themselves in the financial services industry. The case highlights the strengths and weaknesses of ANZ and how effective their current marketing strategy is. The strengths of ANZ which have been identified in the case are their highly customised bankcards, their trustworthy image and reputation, knowledgeable staff and the size of the firm. ANZ’s weaknesses are that their products are quite easy to imitate due to such intangibility, they are at the bottom compared to their competitors, the communication gap occurring through the reposition of their new brand and the inflexibility due to the large structure of the bank. This paper will explore two of ANZ’s main strategic issues which are the communication gap of through the repositioning and rebranding as well as ANZ’s competition in the financial industry. Key Strategic Marketing Issues The banking industry is very well established and has a limited selection of different products. Due to few substitute products, firms in the industry will find it hard to differentiate themselves from their competitors. Chenet, Dagger, & O’Sullivan (2010) state that, differentiation is important because firms uniqueness is linked to target market focus, client-perceived value and competitive advantage. In result of ANZ’s lack of communicating their service quality, limited product diversity and lack of unadaptable strategies they are ranked number four of the top four banks. ANZ needs to address the amount of ATMs it has throughout the country. Compared to its major competitors, ANZ is one of the banks with the least amount of ATMs available to its customers with almost half the amount of ATMs compared to NAB. Theory ANZ is rebranding and repositioning itself it the market to appear more appealing to customers. They are moving from an  outdated brand and position of ‘ANZ Now’ to a new brand identity and positioning strategy of ‘We live in your world’ implying a modern and fresh new feel to the company. Throughout the rebranding and repositioning process, ANZ is using a customer-led marketing approach by trying to find what customers want and giving it to them (Hooley, Piercy & Nicoulaud, 2012). However, ANZ is a very large firm which affects rebranding, creating a gap in the communication between the firm and their consumers. The slogan ‘We live in your world’ has been adapted to try and differentiate ANZ from its competitors in terms of customer satisfaction; however it has not been aimed consistently across all ANZ’s communication activities. This has resulted in confusion of the customers as well as a lack of awareness of ANZ’s message. Mayer (1975) found that larger firms can generally find it harder than a smaller firm to implement change across the whole organisation effectively and efficiently. Resources and Capabilities A resource is anything that is considered to be thought of as a strength or weakness of a firm and may be defined as those tangible and intangible assets that are tied to the firm (Wernerfelt, 1984). ANZ’s resources include the products they offer, size of the firm, the knowledgeable staff and the strong trust with their customers. ANZ seeks to â€Å"attract and develop the best connected and most respected people to be a part of the ANZ team† (ANZ, 2014). Having knowledgeable and highly skilled staff allows for a financial institution to create superior returns, thus a competitive advantage (lulow, V., Gerstman, J., & Barry, C. 2003). The size of ANZ allows ease of access to funds which will appeal to their customers through providing loans, insurance, small business and corporate. Having a strong brand image and a good reputation, ANZ have had the opportunity to build trust with their customers. The large size of a firm can be a strength; however in turn can be a weakness. Mayer, T. (1975) identified that large banks have the potential to fail if customer service is overlooked. Due to the large amount of customers ANZ has, there is the possibility that relationships with customers may diminish. Furthermore, due to the large size of the firm ANZ may appear as inflexible and changes within the organisation may take a long time, such as the current repositioning of the firm. Creating confusing amongst consumers as the message is not being communicated effectively  across all of ANZ. Competitive Advantage ANZs major competitive advantage over their main competitors is this highly customised bankcards they currently offer to their customers. ANZ have used a customer-led marketing approach with their bankcards, as this approach finds what customers want, and give it to them (Hooley, Piercy & Nicoulaud, 2012). This fits in well with their brand image they are trying to communicate; ‘We live in your world’. Rather than just providing bank cards to their customers as the other major banks do ANZ customises their cards allowing their customers to choose what colour card they want and further using their own pictures on their bank cards. This is giving the customers the chance to create their own products. These customised bank cards have given ANZ a first mover advantage allowing them to enjoy the protection of a resource position barrier (Wernerfelt, 1984). However, Barney (1991) states that to have a ‘sustained competitive advantage’ competitors are unable to duplicate the benefits of this strategy. The customised bank cards may not last that long as a major competitive advantage due to other firms being able to easily imitate what ANZ have done. Strategic Fit Skinner (1969) suggested that for a firm to strategically fit, they need to tailor their production systems to perform the tasks that are vital to success and consistent with the firm’s strategy. The current marketing strategy of ‘We live in your world’ is ANZs new an innovative fresh outlook on branding for the organisation. The strategic planning and strategic marketing of this strategy must penetrate the whole market orientation not just small sections (Hooley, Piercy & Nicoolaud, 2012). This current strategy although isn’t fitting with the needs and requirements of the market. The failure of communication between ANZs resources and capabilities is causing the new strategy to not be implemented properly to its audience (Narver & Slater, 1990). The strategy adapted isn’t connecting with their customers their desired outlook of what they wish to be perceived as. ANZ wants their consumers to focus on them being ‘trustworthy’ and ‘traditional’ but as of now they aren’t practicing what they preach. This is shown with customers feeling confused and unaware of the new adapted strategy. As  Hooley, Piercy & Nicoolaud (2012) have found the marketing strategy needs to be aligned with the overall the relevant resources, capabilities so direction can be achieved and then the overall context of corporate strategy will be accomplished. Recommendation To ensure the repositioning of ANZ is effective, they need to communicate to their consumers more effectively. Rust, Moorman, and Dickson, (2002) found that â€Å"customers differentiate between service firms on the basis of service quality†. Therefore, ANZ need to offer superior customer service through the use of their highly skilled and knowledgeable staff. The best way for ANZ to differentiate their selves is through superior quality. Farrell, Hitchens, & Moffat (1993) found that, superior quality is an effective management strategy as it helps separate firms from competitive rivalry by creating customer loyalty.

Npl Non Performing Loan Essays

Npl Non Performing Loan Essays Npl Non Performing Loan Essay Npl Non Performing Loan Essay Most of the financial institutions have the problem of non-performing loans. Basically, the non-performing loans (Naps) mean that the loans in default, or is close to being in default according to Investigated. In the contract terms, Naps indicates the failure to promptly pay Interest or principal when due. When the borrowers are unable to meet the legal obligation on making the required payment or are unwilling to honor the debt, the default will be taken place. With the Increase of Naps, the level of market confidence will be affected. The effect of the banks bad-loan problems can be seen at the East Aslant crisis which occurred n July 1997. During the crisis, banks balance sheets were deterioration due to the increasing of Naps which showed in the Figure 1 below (Deteriorate Guppy). The problem was started as the deregulation was exercised In the financial markets. A lot of loan borrowings from the private nonofficial business sector were easily being approved. But, the bank regulators failed to supervise the borrowers as there was a lack of expertise in screening and monitoring the borrowers at banking institutions. Hence, the default loans started to Increase and the banks net worth (capital) became lesser. The bank would have lesser fund to lend. Then, the economic activity would be reduced due to the lack of funds (Munchkins and Sneaking, 2000). Figure 1: Changes of Non-performing Loans ( Source: Van Dick and Fitch ABACA database) In additions, the Increase In uncertainty and a decrease In net worth caused a stock market declines. Then, the asymmetric information problems increased. It would become difficult to screen out good borrowers. The adverse selection and moral hazard problems Increased seriously. With the Increase of these problems, lenders were unlikely to lend out money and led to the decline of Investment and the crease of aggregate economic activity. Due to the poor business situations and uncertainty about their banks health which the bank could go broke. Depositors began to withdraw their funds from banks. The massive withdrawal of depositors would bring the bank failures. If they snowballed, bank panic would take place. The number of banks could decline. It was able to raise the interest rate even further and decreased the financial intermediation by banks. Deterioration of problems created by adverse selection and moral hazard could lead to the further economic contraction (Munchkins and Sneaking, 2000). Ultimately, market would have a stroke which was hardly recovered. Thus, market confidence wouldnt be optimistic. The stability of financial system in Malaysia could affect as well. After the Aslant crisis, governments In South-East Asian countries have taken action on solving the problems. Many rescue activities such as insertion of huge amount of government capital Into problematic Tanks, moving non-performing loans out AT banks, and setting up special government organizations to deal with non-performing loans, etc. (Ho, n. D. ). To deal with the impact of the Asian financial crisis in 1997-98, Penguins Attendant National Bertha has been set up by Bank Engage Malaysia to buy bad loans from financial institutions. Meanwhile, Adenoidal National Bertha has also been set up to recapitulate banking institutions. And the Corporate Debt Restructuring Committee was set up to reorganize large corporate debts. Other than that, Bank Engage Malaysia was also instrumental in designing and applying the selective exchange control measures introduced in September 1998 (Bank Engage Malaysia, 2003). To sustain full stability in the financial sector during the recent crisis, strong overspent commitment and support are important. It has contributed to the strength and thus returns of confidence in the industry. The support includes the timely government intervention to re-capitalist weak banks and remove non- performing loans from the banking system as well as the consolidation exercise (Public Bertha, 2000). As a conclusion, bad-loan problems should be faced seriously as they have a significant impact to a development of a country. Proper loan ad project monitoring system should be implemented in better manners. So, the asymmetric information can be avoided and then the Naps can be controlled. Question 2 The Federal Reserve System is the central bank of United State. Unlike central bank in other countries, Federal Reserve is not owned by government, it is owned by commercial banks in the district. Three of the directors are appointed by government, and government has the right to set and control salaries of high level employees. It is not a profit making institution, while Federal Reserve makes profits, member banks get 6% of investment capital as a dividend, and the rest will keep in capital account. The current chairman of Federal Reserve is Ben Aberrant. Federal Reserve controls U. S economy and it can influence world economy too. Its role and duties all into four general areas: 1 . Conducting the nations monetary policy by influencing monetary and credit condition in the economy in pursuit of maximum employment, stables price, and moderate long-term interest rates. 2. Supervising and regulating banking institution to ensure the safety and soundness of the nations banking and financial system, and protect the credit rights of consumers. 3. Maintaining stabilities of the financial system and containing systemic risk that may arise in financial markets. 4. Providing financial services to depository institutions, the U. S government, and foreign official institutions, including playing a major role in operating the nations payments system. Federal Reserve is consider an independence central bank, it has goal Independence, to set own Notation target, control AT money supply Ana exchange rate. It has the legal independence also, it is enshrined in law. It also has management independence and operation independence, to determine the best way to achieve the goal and run its operation, such as appointing staff and set budget. Public encourage central bank to be independence; the main reason is avoid Laotian take advantage in election by using monetary policy tools. When high unemployment is occur, one of the method to solve it is expansionary monetary. Compare with reeducation and retrain, expansionary monetary policy can help national output grow faster. But it is also create high inflation rate, due to money supply over in the market. To control inflation rate, government and central bank will increase interest rate to lower the inflation rate, government will increase interest rate to control it. It will finally occur high interest rate(low output) and high unemployment rate. If central bank could work independence, it could control inflation rate better cause it does not need to rush under political pressure. Monetary policy might be miss use by politician, to be their election tools. Politician can get advantage in reelection. Politician can increase money supply to make the growth of national output and consuming in short term. It creates a phenomenon that economy going very well. The after election, politician can reduce the money supply, to avoid the inflation problems. But the output peaked in the month of election, and falling ever since, due to money supply has been cut. In this situation, politician can either maintain the high output but high inflation, or cut down money supply to solve inflation problem but low output. Whatever decision government make, damage of economy system is definitely occur. To avoid politician take advantage I election and make problem to economy system by monetary policy, Federal Reserve should work independence. When Government increase annual budget, to purchase goods and services, they must finance by 3 ways-raising taxes, increase government debt, or printing new money. Public definitely not willing to pay higher taxes, raising taxes will bring bad influence to next election. Issue new government bond also not a good method, high government debt also make public unsatisfied. Hence, politician prefers print new notes for spending. And the result is, it increase inflation rate in long term (Thomas Mark, 2009). There is some argument against Federal Reserve independence. Monetary policy must be coordinate with fiscal policy, to ensure economy system working well. For example, if government increase annual budget and Federal Reserve decrease interest rate in the same period, they will create terrible inflation rate. Central bank loud never manage to control fiscal policy, so, only by placing monetary policy under control of federal government can these two policies be coordinate. Another argument against really Reserve Independence Is Tanat Independence He has failed to manage the inflation rate. For example, in sass-sass, Fed has overly expansionary monetary policy and create high inflation rate ever (Thomas Mark, 2007). Independence Federal Reserve bank has both advantages and disadvantages. Advantages of Federal Reserve being independence is ensure the Federal Reserve run without controlling of government, to avoid monetary become election tools of Laotians. An independence central bank will not create inflation problem under political pressure. Advantage of Federal Reserve being independence is, if central bank work closely with government, monetary policy can be more coordinate with fiscal policy, economy system can have stable and stronger growth. In our opinion, independence central bank is more suitable for a democratic country, like United State. In a freedom and democratic country, political manipulate to financial system are not allowed, if the incident is explore, the bad influence is deeper than Just a mistake of maintaining interest rate. We had also discussed if politician control in central banks actions, it will finally brings Inflation problem, unemployment problem and low output problems, and so on. Hence, we are strongly support Federal Reserve keep its independence and have more freedom even. Question 3 Insurance Companies are the financial intermediaries, which use the premium is paid on policies to invest on bonds, stock, mortgages and other loans. Asymmetric information occurred because of insured person has an incentive to cheat and seek for a claim from insurance companies (Munchkins and Sneaking, 2009). Insured person can lain the losses on the policies that they bought from the insurance companies, such as life, property, casualty or health insurance. Asymmetric information means lack of information is provided by the second party. There are two kind of asymmetric information, which is adverse selection and moral hazard. Adverse selection occurred before the transaction. Adverse selection means that someone is providing the fault information that affects the decision of insurance companies whether to accept or reject the insurance policies. Moral hazard occurred after the transaction. Insurance companies could not predict the ensured person will be engaged in any risky activities after buying the insurance policies (Munchkins and Sneaking, 2009). Based on the article is given, it shows the insurance companies refuse to pay medical bills to the insured person, who do not qualify for the claim. To protect the insurance industry, government proposed Medical Examination a Must for Insurance Purposes It is important to have a proper understanding of the asymmetric information in insurance industry. A proper understanding of asymmetric information is important to prevent any Truculent occurred, wanly could Drill a nudge amount AT losses to ten Insurance impasses. Refer to an article (Appendices 1) from The Star 2009, Singapore police recover 30 stolen Malaysian luxury cars. Some cars owners are forced to surrender their cars after they lost in gambling session in Singapore and reported the car have been stolen when they returned to Malaysia. The car owners are trying to cheat for a claim from their losses. Insurance companies will be suffered a huge losses if the police did not reveal the truth. Refer to the insurance industry statistic on stolen vehicles in Malaysia (Appendices 2), it shows the overall vehicle theft in 1997-2008. Number of theft was reached 46,330 cases in 2008. Claim incurred have been raised from REARM million to REARM million from 2007-2008. There is a significant increased by 1 billion in a year. If the amount of claim continuing increased in future, the insurance companies will not able to pay all the losses of policyholder. It is important for insurance companies to have a proper understanding about asymmetric information and come out with a good solution. To counter the asymmetric information, insurance companies overcome with some kind of solutions, which could reduce the adverse selection and moral hazard problems. Screening is an effective procedure to collect customer profile and allocate the risk class of policyholder (Munchkins and Sneaking, 2009). Screening is effective to reduce the adverse selection problems. There is an auto insurance rating system (Appendices 3) in US. It explained 6 factors that the driver insurance rate is determined:- 1 . Type of vehicles. (Safer car, less insured cost) 2.

I have put much thought into this topic over the last few weeks

I have put much thought into this topic over the last few weeks, and I think I am really able to speak from my heart about it. When I first thought about it, I was picturing the issues as things like affirmative action, abortion, or same sex marriages. After a lot of thinking though, I decided that these just werent the sorts of things that I would be willing to put my life on the line for. The reason for this is that although important to many, they really dont affect me to the point of me risking my life to change how they work. It may sound a bit selfish, but in order for MY life to be risked, the issue would have to affect me personally, and deeply enough to change my entire being and way of life. I just feel that some things, although important to some, are better handled by those that are affected by them that deeply. Now this is just my personal view on it, although many prominent people thought otherwise, such as Martin Luther King Jr. In his Letter from a !Birmingham Jail he spoke of the fact that we should stand up against any unjust law, whether it affects you or not . Due to the fact that issues like this werent important enough to me for risking my life, I decided it was best to think on the larger scale. It was from this that I decided what I would put my life on the line for.I feel that the Bill or Rights is the most important single document in the structure and operation of our country. It gives us many rights not available in other places of the world, and it sets us apart from everyone else as the fairest, most open minded country in the world. This is why I have decided that any movement that is working to try and take away any of the rights on the Bill of Rights is worth putting my life on the line for, because it would compromise my entire way of life. Now, for purposes of keeping the length of this paper down, I have decided to focus my attention to the...